Bodyweight Core Exercises
Reviewed and Edited By:
Christopher Geliga, NPTI Certified Personal Trainer

Bodyweight core exercises are an effective way to build core strength, stability, and endurance without any equipment. These exercises utilize your body’s weight to engage the core muscles, making them accessible for anyone, anywhere. Bodyweight core workouts can improve functional strength, balance, and overall fitness.
Ready to strengthen your core with bodyweight exercises? Keep reading to discover the best bodyweight exercises for a strong, stable core.
What Are the Best Bodyweight Core Exercises?
Bodyweight exercises effectively engage the core through controlled movements that challenge stability and strength. Here are some of the best bodyweight exercises for targeting and strengthening the core:
Plank
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Transverse Abdominis, Obliques, Lower Back
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Side Plank, Plank with Arm Lift
Side Plank
- Primary Muscle: Obliques
- Secondary Muscles: Transverse Abdominis, Shoulders
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Shoulder strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Side Plank with Leg Lift, Side Plank Dips
Bicycle Crunch
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Obliques, Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Neck strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Slow Bicycle Crunch, Add a hold at the twist
Mountain Climbers
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors, Shoulders
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Wrist strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Cross-Body Mountain Climbers, Increase speed
Flutter Kicks
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Add a hold at the top, Increase tempo
Leg Raise
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Hanging Leg Raise, Add a hold at the top
Russian Twist
- Primary Muscle: Obliques
- Secondary Muscles: Rectus Abdominis, Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Lift feet off the ground, Increase tempo
Reverse Crunch
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Neck strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Add a hold at the top, Perform slowly
Hollow Body Hold
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Transverse Abdominis, Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Hollow Body Rock, Increase hold time
Bird Dog
- Primary Muscle: Lower Back, Glutes
- Secondary Muscles: Core, Shoulders
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Add a pause at full extension, Increase tempo
Superman
- Primary Muscle: Lower Back
- Secondary Muscles: Glutes, Shoulders
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Add a hold at the top, Perform with alternating arm and leg lifts
V-Up
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate to Advanced
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Perform with one leg at a time, Add a hold at the top
Dead Bug
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Transverse Abdominis, Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Add resistance band, Increase tempo
Jackknife
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate to Advanced
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Perform with alternating legs, Add a hold at the top
Heel Touches
- Primary Muscle: Obliques
- Secondary Muscles: Rectus Abdominis
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Neck strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Increase reach distance, Add a hold
Plank with Knee Tuck
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Obliques, Shoulders
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Wrist strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Cross-body Knee Tuck, Add a hold
Hollow Rock
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate to Advanced
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Hollow Body Hold, Increase rocking duration
Sit-Ups
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain, neck strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Add weight or perform with a twist at the top for oblique engagement.
Crunches
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Neck strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Add a hold at the top, increase reps.
Side Crunches
- Primary Muscle: Obliques
- Secondary Muscles: Rectus Abdominis
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Increase reps, add a hold at the top.
Windshield Wipers
- Primary Muscle: Obliques
- Secondary Muscles: Lower Abdominals
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate to Advanced
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Perform hanging for added difficulty, add a pause at each side.
Scissor Kicks
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Increase tempo, add a hold at the top.
6 Inch isometric Holds
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors, Transverse Abdominis
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Increase hold time, add leg pulses.
Candlesticks
- Primary Muscle: Lower Abdominals
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors, Rectus Abdominis
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate to Advanced
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Isolation
- Progression/Variations: Perform slowly for better control, increase reps.
Suitcase Abs
- Primary Muscle: Rectus Abdominis
- Secondary Muscles: Hip Flexors, Obliques
- Additional Equipment Needed: None
- Injuries to Watch For: Lower back strain
- Difficulty Level: Intermediate
- Compound or Isolation Movement: Compound
- Progression/Variations: Add a hold at full contraction, increase reps.
These bodyweight exercises are highly effective for targeting the core, helping you build strength and stability. Incorporate them into your routine for a comprehensive core workout.
How to Perform Bodyweight Core Exercises Safely
Using proper form and technique is essential when performing bodyweight core exercises to maximize effectiveness and prevent injury. Follow these safety tips to ensure a safe workout:
Engage Your Core
Maintain a tight core throughout each exercise to stabilize your spine and protect your lower back.
Focus on Controlled Movements
Avoid rushing through exercises. Slow, controlled movements allow for proper muscle activation and reduce the risk of strain.
Maintain Proper Posture
Keep a neutral spine and avoid rounding your back, particularly during plank and leg raise exercises.
Listen to Your Body
Pay attention to any discomfort or pain. Modify or stop exercises that don’t feel right to avoid injury.
Warm Up Properly
Begin with a dynamic warm-up to activate the core muscles and prepare your body for the workout.
By following these safety guidelines, you can perform bodyweight core exercises effectively and confidently, ensuring that you’re focusing on core engagement and minimizing the risk of injury.
Sample Core Workout Routine with Bodyweight
This sample bodyweight core workout targets the core muscles from various angles, promoting strength, stability, and endurance. Incorporate these exercises into your routine for a dynamic and effective core workout:
- Plank: 3 sets of 30-45 seconds
Hold a forearm plank position, keeping your body in a straight line while engaging your core. - Mountain Climbers: 3 sets of 15-20 reps per side
Start in a plank position and drive your knees toward your chest alternately, maintaining core engagement. - Bicycle Crunches: 3 sets of 15 reps per side
Lie on your back and alternate bringing your elbow to the opposite knee, focusing on engaging your obliques. - Leg Raises: 3 sets of 12-15 reps
Lie on your back and lift your legs toward the ceiling, keeping your lower back pressed into the floor. - Dead Bug: 3 sets of 10-12 reps per side
Lie on your back, extending one leg and the opposite arm toward the floor, then return to the starting position and switch sides.
This bodyweight core workout provides a balanced approach to core training, focusing on strength, stability, and muscle tone. Adjust reps and hold times as needed based on your fitness level for optimal results.
Other Core Exercises by Equipment
While bodyweight exercises are effective for core training, incorporating different equipment can add variety and target the core muscles in new ways. Here are some alternative options for core exercises:
- Dumbbell Core Exercises
Dumbbells add resistance to core movements, such as weighted sit-ups and dumbbell Russian twists, helping increase strength and muscle tone. - Kettlebell Core Exercises
Kettlebells challenge the core with dynamic movements like Turkish get-ups and kettlebell swings, promoting functional strength and stability. - Resistance Band Core Exercises
Resistance bands provide tension for exercises such as banded Russian twists and Pallof presses, improving control and strength. - Medicine Ball Core Exercises
Medicine balls add dynamic resistance to exercises like medicine ball slams and twists, building power and coordination. - Stability Ball Core Exercises
Stability balls create an unstable surface that enhances core activation with exercises like stability ball planks and rollouts.
Incorporating these different equipment-based core exercises into your routine can help create a comprehensive core workout, prevent plateaus, and keep your training engaging and challenging.
Final Thoughts on Bodyweight Core Exercises
Bodyweight core exercises are an effective way to build core strength, stability, and endurance without any equipment. By incorporating these exercises into your routine, you can target the core muscles from multiple angles, enhancing muscle activation and promoting balanced core development. Bodyweight exercises are versatile and accessible, making them perfect for anyone looking to improve their core fitness.